[3] The entry in the current Roman Martyrology lists him on 12 April, but makes no mention of martyrdom. On January 3, 1117, the church, along with most of the city, was damaged by an earthquake; the church was restored and enlarged in 1138. Suchen . [2], Staying in the city, Zeno entered the monastic life, living as a monk until around 362, when he was elected successor to the See of Verona after the death of Bishop Gricinus (Cricinus, Cricino). Only four of them are still ringing on the bell tower. One story relates that Saint Zeno, one day fishing on the banks of the Adige, which he did in order to feed himself (rather than as recreation), saw a peasant crossing the river in a horse and cart. The following 16 files are in this category, out of 16 total. In the 1980s a restoration discovered frescoes from the 12th to 15th centuries. St. Zeno died around 371-380. [3] Zeno’s other reforms included instructions concerning adult baptism (which occurred by complete immersion) and issuing medals to people newly baptized to the Catholic faith. San Zeno war der achte Bischof von Verona. [1] King Pepin was present at the ceremony, as were the Bishops of Cremona and Salzburg, as well as an immense crowd of townspeople. Zenon scheint recht gute Kenntnisse der antiken Philosophen, Dichter und Rhetoriker besessen zu haben. The façade is further divided vertically by shallow pilasters, passing visually through the colonettes and into the pediment. For other uses, see, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basilica_of_San_Zeno,_Verona&oldid=959930406, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 31 May 2020, at 08:43. Fishermen, anglers, newborn babies, Verona, This page was last edited on 29 December 2019, at 16:10. It is well known for its bronze doors (c. 1100 – c. 1200) which depict, besides stories from the Bible, the miracles of Saint Zeno, images drawn from stories, including those recorded by the notary Coronato,[1] the facade sculpture signed by Nicholaus and an associate Guglielmus, and the rose window (c. 1200), which is the work of Brioloto. As for the dating, some of the panels were made by Saxon masters of Hildesheim in the 11th century, while others are from Veronese masters (according to some scholars, including Benedetto Antelami himself). The story relates that the grateful Gallienus allowed Zeno and other Christians freedom of worship in the empire. It is surmounted by a conical spire with small pinnacles at each angle. [1], Zeno’s liturgical feast day is celebrated on 12 April, but in the diocese of Verona, it is also celebrated on 21 May, in honor of the translation of his relics on 21 May 807. The internal and external mensulae around the arch of the porch show the cycle of the months, which relate to the Wheel of Fortune of the window above. The crypt has a nave with eight aisles the arches of which are supported by 49 columns, each having a different capital. San Zeno (Zenone) di Verona (in Italian) Zeno of Verona – Following the footsteps of a saint in Europe: article series with photographic documentation and maps (in German) This page was last edited on 29 December 2019, at 16:10 (UTC). According to a Veronese author named Coronato, a notary of the 7th century, Zeno was a native of Mauretania. The church of San Zeno constituted the model for all subsequent Romanesque edifices in Verona. After the 1117 earthquake it was totally rebuilt. Allein seine Predigt… The 12th-century façade has a small narthex and two double mullioned windows. [1] The basilica was rebuilt again, and made much larger and stronger. An der Stelle, wo die heutige Basilika steht, entstand im 4. Central to the upper façade is a rose window, in the shape of a Wheel of Fortune, the work of one Brioloto, and one of the earliest examples in the Romanesque architecture of such a structure that was to become a particular feature of Gothic architecture. [3] Saint Gregory the Great calls him a martyr in his Dialogues; Saint Ambrose, a contemporary of Zeno, does not. [1], Saint Gregory the Great, at the end of the 6th century, relates a miracle associated with the divine intercession of Zeno. Jahrhundert war die Abtei das reichste und mächtigste Kloster von Verona. und XIII. The walls above the colonnade are polychrome. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. On the entrance arches, the local sculptor Adamino da San Giorgio sculpted fanciful and monstrous animals. They portray scenes from the New and Old Testament, together with episodes of the life of Theoderic: the duel with Odoacer and the King hunting a deer, a symbol of the devil in Theoderic's Legend. Erection of the present basilica and associated monastery began in the 9th century, when Bishop Ratoldus and King Pepin of Italy attended the translation of the saint's relics into the new church. Zeno is the patron saint of fishermen and anglers, the city of Verona, newborn babies as well as children learning to speak and walk. Gerühmt werden von christlichen Autoren seine unerschrockene Tatkraft gegen das wieder erstarkende Heidentum unter Julian und sein Kampf gegen die Anhänger des Arianismus. 600VeronaSZenoMaggiore.JPG 800 × 600; 179 KB. For long time the abbey was the city's official residence of the Holy Roman Emperors. Attached to the basilica is an abbey was erected in the 9th century over a pre-existing monastery. [1] Zeno was often said to combat the devil, and is sometimes depicted treading on a demon. Diese Kirche wurde im 9. Its fame rests partly on its Romanesque architecture and partly upon the tradition that its crypt was the place of the marriage of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. The bell tower stands as a separate building. It has a single nave with a crypt, which is what remains of the original Palaeo-Christian structure. The aisles are divided by cruciform pilasters with alternating capitals with zoomorphic motifs and of Corinthian style. He taught many children of Africa about the Catholic religion and he also helped them with their school work. The outer rim of the window is decorated by six figures representing the vacillations of human life. [1], A poem written between 781 and 810, called the Versus de Verona, an elegy of the city in verse, states that Zeno was the eighth bishop of Verona. The interior of the church is on three levels with an extensive crypt on the lower level, the church proper and a raised presbytery. The presbytery is accessible by stairs in the aisles. Jahrhundert auf Befehl König Pippins durch den Architekten Pacifico wieder aufgebaut. It is divided in floors by cornices and small tuff arches, and rises to a double-storied bell chamber with triple mullioned windows. Across the façade, at the level of the door lintel, runs a shallow arcade of paired arches, divided by thin paired colonettes identical to those found above in the rose window. Das Kloster wurde im Jahre 1770 von der Serenissima aufgehoben. The floodwater reached the church dedicated to Saint Zeno, but miraculously did not enter it, even though the door was wide open. Die ihm geweihte Basilika ist eines der Meisterwerke der gesamten romanischen Kunst in Italien. It is first mentioned however only in 845. [1], Zeno is described as a confessor of the faith in early martyrologies. https://anankaios.blogspot.com/2009/09/lunetta-della-basilica-di-san-zeno.html Province of Verona ; San Zeno di Montagna ; Sehenswürdigkeiten und Aktivitäten in San Zeno di Montagna ; Bazar Lenotti s.a.s. The presbytery is raised on an arcade above the crypt which thus remains visible from the nave. The crypt was restored in the 13th and 16th centuries. "[2], "San Zenone" and "Zenone" redirect here. Am 8. The church was donated to Theodelinda, an alleged eyewitness to the miracle and wife of king Authari. Update zu COVID-19: Sehenswürdigkeiten sind unter Umständen ganz oder teilweise geschlossen, um die Verbreitung des Coronavirus einzudämmen. The identities of all the figures portrayed is not known: they include Saints Peter; Paul; Zeno; Helena; Matilda of Canossa (who had patronized the abbey); and her husband Godfrey, as well as the unknown sculptor of the work. The present church of San Zeno in Verona is a work of the twelfth, thirteenth and early fifteenth centuries for the most part. The spandrels of the exterior arch each have a bas-relief portraying St. John the Baptist and St. John the Evangelist while above the arch are the Lamb and the blessing hand of God. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository, Basilica di san zeno protiro, lunetta di nicholaus 03.JPG, Basilica di san zeno protiro, lunetta di nicholaus, san zeno riceve l'omaggio della città 01.JPG, Basilica di san zeno protiro, lunetta di nicholaus, san zeno riceve l'omaggio della città 02.JPG, Character of Renaissance Architecture 0180.jpg, Lunette - Portal of San Zeno - Verona 2016.jpg, Verona Basilica di San Zeno Maggiore Portal 2.jpg, Verona Basilica di San Zeno Maggiore Portal 3.jpg, Verona Basilica di San Zeno Maggiore Portal 4.jpg, Verona Basilica di San Zeno Maggiore Portal Tympanon 1.jpg, Verona Basilica di San Zeno Maggiore Portal Tympanon 2.jpg, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:San_Zeno_(Verona)_-_Lunette&oldid=210440424, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Basilica di San Zeno entrance.jpg 5,840 × 6,284; 8.45 MB. The pink marble of the arcades contrasts with the light yellow stone of the façade. Above the door is a lunette with scenes of the Veronese history of the time, including: The Consecration of the Veronese Commune, St Zeno stamping on the Devil, (symbol of imperial power) and St Zeno delivering a banner to the Veronese people. Since 921, the crypt has housed the body of St. Zeno in a sarcophagus, his face covered by a silver mask. Dezember 362 wird Zenon als Nachfolger des Cricinus achter Bischof von Verona. For other uses, see, Statue of Saint Zeno from the Basilica of San Zeno. Under the lunette are bas-reliefs with the Miracles of … The crypt has a nave and two aisles. Mit ihm konnten die der päpstlichen katholis… Anfang des XIX. [1], The church was damaged at the beginning of the tenth century by Hungarians, though the relics of Zeno remained safe. Zeno of Verona (Italian: Zenone da Verona; about 300 – 371 or 380) was either an early Christian Bishop of Verona or a martyr. The porch is from the 12th century with lions at the base of its columns which are symbols of law and faith. [1], Tradition states that Zeno built the first basilica in Verona, situated in the area probably occupied by the present-day cathedral. The High Altar houses the sarcophagus of Sts Lupicinus, Lucillus and Crescentianus, all Veronese bishops. [1], Zeno is most often represented with fishing-related items such as a fish, fishing rod, or as a bishop holding a fishing rod, or with a fish hanging from his crozier. The treble, cast during the 8th century, is now displayed in the museum (see Veronese bellringing art). Built of cream-coloured tuff, the façade is divided into three vertical components, the central nave surmounted by a pediment and the two aisle with sloping rooflines, all supported upon small pendented blind arcades. Their signature inscriptions are located over the lunette, in the background of "The Creation of Man" and on the cornice above the sculptures on the left. [3], Zeno's episcopate lasted for about ten years, and the date of his death is sometimes given as 12 April 371. Adjacent to the basilica is the small church of San Procolo, which houses the remains of Saint Proculus (Italian: San Procolo), the fourth bishop of Verona. The exterior is decorated with Roman sculptures. It stands adjacent to a Benedictine abbey, both dedicated to St Zeno of Verona. In 1905, graffiti designs for a large Last Judgement were discovered on the pediment. This edifice was damaged or destroyed by a Magyar invasion in the early 10th-century, at which time Zeno's body was moved to the Cathedral of Santa Maria Matricolare: on May 21, 921, it was returned to its original site in the crypt of the present church.
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